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Hα and He I absorption in HAT-P-32 b observed with CARMENES: detection of Roche lobe overflow and mass loss

We analyze two high-resolution spectral transit time series of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph. Our new <i>XMM-Newton<i/> X-ray observations of the system show that the fast-rotating F-type host star exhibits a high X-ray luminosity of 2.3 × 10<sup&g...

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Main Authors: Czesla, Stefan (Author) , Lampón, M. (Author) , Sanz-Forcada, J. (Author) , Muñoz, A. García (Author) , López-Puertas, M. (Author) , Nortmann, L. (Author) , Yan, D. (Author) , Nagel, E. (Author) , Yan, F. (Author) , Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (Author) , Aceituno, J. (Author) , Amado, P. J. (Author) , Caballero, J. A. (Author) , Casasayas-Barris, N. (Author) , Henning, Thomas (Author) , Khalafinejad, Sara (Author) , Molaverdikhani, Karan (Author) , Montes, D. (Author) , Pallé, E. (Author) , Reiners, A. (Author) , Schneider, P. C. (Author) , Ribas, I. (Author) , Quirrenbach, Andreas (Author) , Osorio, M. R. Zapatero (Author) , Zechmeister, M. (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: January 2022
In: Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2022, Volume: 657, Pages: 1-26
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202039919
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039919
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2022/01/aa39919-20/aa39919-20.html
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Author Notes:S. Czesla, M. Lampón, J. Sanz-Forcada, A. García Muñoz, M. López-Puertas, L. Nortmann, D. Yan, E. Nagel, F. Yan, J.H.M.M. Schmitt, J. Aceituno, P.J. Amado, J.A. Caballero, N. Casasayas-Barris, Th. Henning, S. Khalafinejad, K. Molaverdikhani, D. Montes, E. Pallé, A. Reiners, P.C. Schneider, I. Ribas, A. Quirrenbach, M.R. Zapatero Osorio, M. Zechmeister
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Summary:We analyze two high-resolution spectral transit time series of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph. Our new <i>XMM-Newton<i/> X-ray observations of the system show that the fast-rotating F-type host star exhibits a high X-ray luminosity of 2.3 × 10<sup>29<sup/> erg s<sup>−1<sup/> (5-100 Å), corresponding to a flux of 6.9 × 10<sup>4<sup/> erg cm<sup>−2<sup/> s<sup>−1<sup/> at the planetary orbit, which results in an energy-limited escape estimate of about 10<sup>13<sup/> g s<sup>−1<sup/> for the planetary mass-loss rate. The spectral time series show significant, time-dependent absorption in the H<i>α<i/> and He I<i>λ<i/>10833 triplet lines with maximum depths of about 3.3% and 5.3%. The mid-transit absorption signals in the H<i>α<i/> and He I<i>λ<i/>10833 lines are consistent with results from one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling, which also yields mass-loss rates on the order of 10<sup>13<sup/> g s<sup>−1<sup/>. We observe an early ingress of a redshifted component of the transmission signal, which extends into a redshifted absorption component, persisting until about the middle of the optical transit. While a super-rotating wind can explain redshifted ingress absorption, we find that an up-orbit stream, transporting planetary mass in the direction of the star, also provides a plausible explanation for the pre-transit signal. This makes HAT-P-32 a benchmark system for exploring atmospheric dynamics via transmission spectroscopy.
Item Description:Published online 20 December 2021
Gesehen am 03.03.2022
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202039919

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