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An APEX search for carbon emission from NGC 1977 proplyds

We used the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope to search for C I 1-0 (492.16 GHz) emission towards eight proplyds in NGC 1977, which is an FUV radiation environment two orders of magnitude weaker than that irradiating the Orion Nebular Cluster (ONC) proplyds. C I is expected to enable us...

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Main Authors: Haworth, Thomas (Author) , Kim, Jinyoung S (Author) , Qiao, Lin (Author) , Winter, Andrew J. (Author) , Williams, Jonathan P (Author) , Clarke, Cathie J (Author) , Owen, James E (Author) , Facchini, Stefano (Author) , Ansdell, Megan (Author) , Kama, Mikhel (Author) , Ballabio, Giulia (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2022 March 14
In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Year: 2022, Volume: 512, Issue: 2, Pages: 2594-2603
ISSN:1365-2966
DOI:10.1093/mnras/stac656
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac656
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Author Notes:Thomas J. Haworth, Jinyoung S. Kim, Lin Qiao, Andrew J. Winter, Jonathan P. Williams, Cathie J. Clarke, James E. Owen, Stefano Facchini, Megan Ansdell, Mikhel Kama and Giulia Ballabio
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Summary:We used the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope to search for C I 1-0 (492.16 GHz) emission towards eight proplyds in NGC 1977, which is an FUV radiation environment two orders of magnitude weaker than that irradiating the Orion Nebular Cluster (ONC) proplyds. C I is expected to enable us to probe the wind launching region of externally photo-evaporating discs. Of the eight targets observed, no 3σ detections of the C I line were made despite reaching sensitivities deeper than the anticipated requirement for detection from prior APEX CI observations of nearby discs and models of external photo-evaporation of quite massive discs. By comparing both the proplyd mass loss rates and C I flux constraints with a large grid of external photo-evaporation simulations, we determine that the non-detections are in fact fully consistent with the models if the proplyd discs are very low mass. Deeper observations in C I and probes of the disc mass with other tracers (e.g. in the continuum and CO) can test this. If such a test finds higher masses, this would imply carbon depletion in the outer disc, as has been proposed for other discs with surprisingly low C I fluxes, though more massive discs would also be incompatible with models that can explain the observed mass loss rates and C I non-detections. The expected remaining lifetimes of the proplyds are estimated to be similar to those of proplyds in the ONC at 0.1 Myr. Rapid destruction of discs is therefore also a feature of common, intermediate UV environments.
Item Description:Gesehen am 22.04.2022
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1365-2966
DOI:10.1093/mnras/stac656

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