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Thermalization dynamics of a gauge theory on a quantum simulator

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Gauge theories form the foundation of modern physics, with applications ranging from elementary particle physics and early-universe cosmology to condensed matter systems. We demonstrate emergent irreversible behavior, such as the approach to thermal equilibrium, by quantum simulating the fundamental...

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Main Authors: Zhou, Zhao-Yu (Author) , Su, Guo-Xian (Author) , Halimeh, Jad C. (Author) , Ott, Robert (Author) , Sun, Hui (Author) , Hauke, Philipp (Author) , Yang, Bing (Author) , Yuan, Zhen-Sheng (Author) , Berges, Jürgen (Author) , Pan, Jian-Wei (Author)
Format: Article (Journal) Chapter/Article
Language:English
Published: 28 Jul 2021
In: Arxiv
Year: 2021, Pages: 1-11
DOI:10.48550/arXiv.2107.13563
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2107.13563
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.13563
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Author Notes:Zhao-Yu Zhou, Guo-Xian Su, Jad C. Halimeh, Robert Ott, Hui Sun, Philipp Hauke, Bing Yang, Zhen-Sheng Yuan, Jürgen Berges, and Jian-Wei Pan
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Summary:Gauge theories form the foundation of modern physics, with applications ranging from elementary particle physics and early-universe cosmology to condensed matter systems. We demonstrate emergent irreversible behavior, such as the approach to thermal equilibrium, by quantum simulating the fundamental unitary dynamics of a U(1) symmetric gauge field theory. While this is in general beyond the capabilities of classical computers, it is made possible through the experimental implementation of a large-scale cold atomic system in an optical lattice. The highly constrained gauge theory dynamics is encoded in a one-dimensional Bose--Hubbard simulator, which couples fermionic matter fields through dynamical gauge fields. We investigate global quantum quenches and the equilibration to a steady state well approximated by a thermal ensemble. Our work establishes a new realm for the investigation of elusive phenomena, such as Schwinger pair production and string-breaking, and paves the way for more complex higher-dimensional gauge theories on quantum synthetic matter devices.
Item Description:Identifizierung der Ressource nach: 15 Jul 2022
Gesehen am 20.09.2022
Physical Description:Online Resource
DOI:10.48550/arXiv.2107.13563

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