Cover Image

Booster dose of mRNA vaccine augments waning T cell and antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2

A gradual decay in humoral and cellular immune responses over time upon SAR1S-CoV-2 vaccination may cause a lack of protective immunity. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of antibodies, T cells, and monocytes in 25 participants vaccinated with mRNA or ChAdOx1-S up to 12 weeks after the 3rd (boost...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Özbay Kurt, Feyza Gül (Author) , Lepper, Alisa (Author) , Gerhards, Catharina (Author) , Römer, Mathis (Author) , Lasser, Samantha (Author) , Arkhypov, Ihor (Author) , Bitsch, Rebekka (Author) , Bugert, Peter (Author) , Altevogt, Peter (Author) , Gouttefangeas, Cécile (Author) , Neumaier, Michael (Author) , Utikal, Jochen (Author) , Umansky, Viktor (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 12 October 2022
In: Frontiers in immunology
Year: 2022, Volume: 13, Pages: 1-13
ISSN:1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012526
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012526
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012526
Get full text
Author Notes:Feyza Gül Özbay Kurt, Alisa Lepper, Catharina Gerhards, Mathis Roemer, Samantha Lasser, Ihor Arkhypov, Rebekka Bitsch, Peter Bugert, Peter Altevogt, Cécile Gouttefangeas, Michael Neumaier, Jochen Utikal and Viktor Umansky
Description
Summary:A gradual decay in humoral and cellular immune responses over time upon SAR1S-CoV-2 vaccination may cause a lack of protective immunity. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of antibodies, T cells, and monocytes in 25 participants vaccinated with mRNA or ChAdOx1-S up to 12 weeks after the 3rd (booster) dose with mRNA vaccine. We observed a substantial increase in antibodies and CD8 T cells specific for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. Moreover, vaccination induced activated T cells expressing CD69, CD137 and producing IFN-γ and TNF-α. Virus-specific CD8 T cells showed predominantly memory phenotype. Although the level of antibodies and frequency of virus-specific T cells reduced 4-6 months after the 2nd dose, they were augmented after the 3rd dose followed by a decrease later. Importantly, T cells generated after the 3rd vaccination were also reactive against Omicron variant, indicated by a similar level of IFN-γ production after stimulation with Omicron peptides. Breakthrough infection in participants vaccinated with two doses induced more SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells than the booster vaccination. We found an upregulation of PD-L1 expression on monocytes but no accumulation of myeloid cells with MDSC-like immunosuppressive phenotype after the vaccination. Our results indicate that the 3rd vaccination fosters antibody and T cell immune response independently from vaccine type used for the first two injections. However, such immune response is attenuated over time, suggesting thereby the need for further vaccinations.
Item Description:Gesehen am 14.08.2023
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012526

Similar Items