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Surveying the whirlpool at arcseconds with NOEMA (SWAN)

We present the first results from "Surveying the Whirlpool at Arcseconds with NOEMA" (SWAN), an IRAM Northern Extended Millimetre Array (NOEMA)+30 m large program that maps emission from several molecular lines at 90 and 110 GHz in the iconic nearby grand-design spiral galaxy M 51 at a clo...

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Main Authors: Krieger, Sophia (Author) , Pety, Jerome (Author) , Schinnerer, Eva (Author) , Bigiel, Frank (Author) , Usero, Antonio (Author) , Bešlić, Ivana (Author) , Querejeta, Miguel (Author) , Jiménez-Donaire, Maria Jesús (Author) , Leroy, Adam K. (Author) , Brok, Jakob den (Author) , Neumann, Lukas (Author) , Eibensteiner, Cosima (Author) , Teng, Yu-Hsuan (Author) , Barnes, Ashley T. (Author) , Chevance, Mélanie (Author) , Colombo, Dario (Author) , Dale, Daniel A. (Author) , Glover, Simon (Author) , Liu, Daizhong (Author) , Pan, Hsi-An (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 20 December 2023
In: Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2023, Volume: 680, Pages: 1-11
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202348205
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348205
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2023/12/aa48205-23/aa48205-23.html
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Author Notes:Sophia K. Stuber, Jerome Pety, Eva Schinnerer, Frank Bigiel, Antonio Usero, Ivana Beslic, Miguel Querejeta, Maria J. Jimenez-Donaire, Adam Leroy, Jakob den Brok, Lukas Neumann, Cosima Eibensteiner, Yu-Hsuan Teng, Ashley Barnes, Melanie Chevance, Dario Colombo, Daniel A. Dale, Simon C. O. Glover, Daizhong Liu and Hsi-An Pan
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Summary:We present the first results from "Surveying the Whirlpool at Arcseconds with NOEMA" (SWAN), an IRAM Northern Extended Millimetre Array (NOEMA)+30 m large program that maps emission from several molecular lines at 90 and 110 GHz in the iconic nearby grand-design spiral galaxy M 51 at a cloud-scale resolution (similar to 3'' = 125 pc). As part of this work, we have obtained the first sensitive cloud-scale map of N(2)H(+)10 of the inner similar to 5 x 7 kpc of a normal star-forming galaxy, which we compared to HCN10 and 12 CO10 emission to test their ability in tracing dense, star-forming gas. The average N2H+-to-HCN line ratio of our total FoV is 0.20 +/- 0.09, with strong regional variations of a factor of >= 2 throughout the disk, including the south-western spiral arm and the center. The central similar to 1 kpc exhibits elevated HCN emission compared to N2H+, probably caused by AGN-driven excitation effects. We find that HCN and N2H+ are strongly super-linearily correlated in intensity (rho(Sp)similar to 0.8), with an average scatter of similar to 0.14 dex over a span of greater than or similar to 1.5 dex in intensity. When excluding the central region, the data are best described by a power law of an exponent of 1.2, indicating that there is more N2H+ per unit HCN in brighter regions. Our observations demonstrate that the HCN-to-CO line ratio is a sensitive tracer of gas density in agreement with findings of recent galactic studies utilising N2H+. The peculiar line ratios present near the AGN and the scatter of the power-law fit in the disk suggest that in addition to a first-order correlation with gas density, second-order physics (such as optical depth, gas temperature) or chemistry (abundance variations) are encoded in the N2H+/12 CO, HCN/12 CO, and N2H+/HCN ratios.
Item Description:Gesehen am 27.03.2024
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202348205

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