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Formaldehyde 2% is not a useful means of detecting allergy to formaldehyde releasers: results of the ESSCA network, 2015-2018

Background Studies suggest that patch testing with formaldehyde releasers (FRs) gives significant additional information to formaldehyde 1% aq. and should be considered for addition to the European baseline series (EBS). It is not known if this is also true for formaldehyde 2% aq. Objectives To dete...

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Main Authors: Whitehouse, Heather (Author) , Uter, Wolfgang (Author) , Geier, Johannes (Author) , Ballmer-Weber, Barbara (Author) , Bauer, Andrea (Author) , Cooper, Susan (Author) , Czarnecka-Operacz, Magdalena (Author) , Dagmar, Simon (Author) , Dickel, Heinrich (Author) , Fortina, Anna Belloni (Author) , Gallo, Rosella (Author) , Giménez-Arnau, Ana M. (Author) , Johnston, Graham A. (Author) , Filon, Francesca Laresse (Author) , Mahler, Vera (Author) , Pesonen, Maria (Author) , Rustemeyer, Thomas (Author) , Schuttelaar, Marie L. A. (Author) , Valiukevičienė, Skaidra (Author) , Weisshaar, Elke (Author) , Werfel, Thomas (Author) , Wilkinson, Mark (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2021
In: Contact dermatitis
Year: 2021, Volume: 84, Issue: 2, Pages: 95-102
ISSN:1600-0536
DOI:10.1111/cod.13691
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13691
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cod.13691
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Author Notes:Heather Whitehouse, Wolfgang Uter, Johannes Geier, Barbara Ballmer-Weber, Andrea Bauer, Susan Cooper, Magdalena Czarnecka-Operacz, Simon Dagmar, Heinrich Dickel, Anna Belloni Fortina, Rosella Gallo, Ana M. Giménez-Arnau, Graham A. Johnston, Francesca Laresse Filon, Vera Mahler, Maria Pesonen, Thomas Rustemeyer, Marie L.A. Schuttelaar, Skaidra Valiukevičienė, Elke Weisshaar, Thomas Werfel, Mark Wilkinson
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Summary:Background Studies suggest that patch testing with formaldehyde releasers (FRs) gives significant additional information to formaldehyde 1% aq. and should be considered for addition to the European baseline series (EBS). It is not known if this is also true for formaldehyde 2% aq. Objectives To determine the frequency of sensitization to formaldehyde 2% aq. and co-reactivity with FRs. To establish whether there is justification for including FRs in the EBS. Materials and Methods A 4-year, multi-center retrospective analysis of patients with positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde 2% aq. and five FRs. Results A maximum of 15 067 patients were tested to formaldehyde 2% aq. and at least one FR. The percentage of isolated reactions to FR, without co-reactivity to, formaldehyde 2% aq. for each FR were: 46.8% for quarternium-15 1% pet.; 67.4% imidazolidinyl urea 2% pet.; 64% diazolidinyl urea 2% pet.; 83.3% 1,3-dimethylol-5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin (DMDM) hydantoin 2% pet. and 96.3% 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol 0.5% pet. This demonstrates that co-reactivity varies between FRs and formaldehyde, from being virtually non-existent in 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol 0.5% pet. (Cohen's kappa: 0, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.02 to 0.02)], to only weak concordance for quaternium-15 [Cohen's kappa: 0.22, 95%CI 0.16 to 0.28)], where Cohen's kappa value of 1 would indicate full concordance. Conclusions Formaldehyde 2% aq. is an inadequate screen for contact allergy to the formaldehyde releasers, which should be considered for inclusion in any series dependant on the frequency of reactions to and relevance of each individual allergen.
Item Description:"First published: 02 September 2020".- Frontdoor des Artikels
Gesehen am 05.09.2024
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1600-0536
DOI:10.1111/cod.13691

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