The immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A has an immunostimulatory function in CD8+ T cells
Cyclosporin A is a well-established immunosuppressive drug used to treat or prevent graft-versus-host disease, the rejection of organ transplants, autoimmune disorders, and leukemia. It exerts its immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
July 2024
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| In: |
European journal of immunology
Year: 2024, Volume: 54, Issue: 7, Pages: 1-9 |
| ISSN: | 1521-4141 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/eji.202350825 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202350825 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/eji.202350825 
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| Author Notes: | Jannis Wißfeld, Marvin Hering, Nora ten Bosch and Guoliang Cui |
| Summary: | Cyclosporin A is a well-established immunosuppressive drug used to treat or prevent graft-versus-host disease, the rejection of organ transplants, autoimmune disorders, and leukemia. It exerts its immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), thus preventing its nuclear entry and suppressing T cell activation. Here we report an unexpected immunostimulatory effect of cyclosporin A in activating the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a crucial metabolic hub required for T cell activation. Through screening a panel of tool compounds known to regulate mTORC1 activation, we found that cyclosporin A activated mTORC1 in CD8+ T cells in a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT)-dependent manner. Mechanistically, cyclosporin A inhibited the calcineurin-mediated AKT dephosphorylation, thereby stabilizing mTORC1 signaling. Cyclosporin A synergized with mTORC1 pathway inhibitors, leading to potent suppression of proliferation and cytokine production in CD8+ T cells and an increase in the killing of acute T cell leukemia cells. Consequently, relying solely on CsA is insufficient to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. It is necessary to simultaneously target both the calcineurin-NFAT pathway and the mTORC1 pathway to maximize therapeutic efficacy. |
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| Item Description: | Das Pluszeichen im Titel ist hochgestellt Online veröffentlicht: 22. April 2024 Gesehen am 19.09.2024 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1521-4141 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/eji.202350825 |