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Stable-fixed-point description of square-pattern formation in driven two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates

We investigate pattern formation in two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) caused by periodic driving of the interatomic interaction. We show that this modulation generically leads to a stable square grid density pattern, due to nonlinear effects beyond the initial Faraday instability. We...

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Main Authors: Fujii, Keisuke (Author) , Görlitz, Sarah L. (Author) , Liebster, Nikolas (Author) , Sparn, Marius (Author) , Kath, Elinor (Author) , Strobel, Helmut (Author) , Oberthaler, Markus K. (Author) , Enss, Tilman (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2024
In: Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Year: 2024, Volume: 109, Issue: 5, Pages: L051301-1-L051301-6
ISSN:1094-1622
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.109.L051301
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.L051301
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.L051301
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Author Notes:Keisuke Fujii, Sarah L. Görlitz, Nikolas Liebster, Marius Sparn, Elinor Kath, Helmut Strobel, Markus K. Oberthaler, and Tilman Enss
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Summary:We investigate pattern formation in two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) caused by periodic driving of the interatomic interaction. We show that this modulation generically leads to a stable square grid density pattern, due to nonlinear effects beyond the initial Faraday instability. We take the amplitudes of two waves parametrizing the two-dimensional density pattern as order parameters in pattern formation. For these amplitudes, we derive a set of coupled time-evolution equations from the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a time-periodic interaction. We identify the fixed points of the time evolution and show by stability analysis that the inhomogeneous density exhibits a square grid pattern, which can be understood as a manifestation of a stable fixed point. Our stability analysis establishes the pattern in BECs as a nonequilibrium steady state.
Item Description:Online veröffentlicht: 10. Mai 2024
Gesehen am 23.12.2024
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1094-1622
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.109.L051301

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