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Complex-valued in-medium potential between heavy impurities in ultracold atoms

We formulate the induced potential in a finite-temperature cold-atomic medium between two heavy impurities, or polarons, which is shown to be complex valued in general. The imaginary part of the complex-valued potential describes a decoherence effect, and thus the resulting Schrödinger equation for...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Akamatsu, Yukinao (Author) , Endo, Shimpei (Author) , Fujii, Keisuke (Author) , Hongo, Masaru (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 3 September, 2024
In: Physical review
Year: 2024, Volume: 110, Issue: 3, Pages: 1-14
ISSN:2469-9934
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.110.033304
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.033304
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.033304
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Author Notes:Yukinao Akamatsu, Shimpei Endo, Keisuke Fujii, Masaru Hongo
Description
Summary:We formulate the induced potential in a finite-temperature cold-atomic medium between two heavy impurities, or polarons, which is shown to be complex valued in general. The imaginary part of the complex-valued potential describes a decoherence effect, and thus the resulting Schrödinger equation for the two polarons acquires a non-Hermitian term. We apply the developed formulation to two representative cases of polarons interacting with medium particles through the 𝑠-wave contact interaction: (i) the normal phase of single-component (i.e., spin-polarized) fermions using the fermionic field theory and (ii) a superfluid phase using the superfluid effective field theory, which is valid either for a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of a single-component Bose gas or for the BEC-BCS crossover in two-component fermions at a low-energy regime. Computing the leading-order term, the imaginary part of the potential in both cases is found to show a universal 𝑟−2 behavior at long distance. We propose three experimental ways to observe the effects of the universal imaginary potential in cold atoms.
Item Description:Gesehen am 03.03.2025
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:2469-9934
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.110.033304

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