The water-land-food nexus reveals growing resource export pressure in middle-income economies
Water, land, and food constitute essential components of agricultural supply chains, yet their interconnections remain unclear. Here we used the multi-regional input-output, in conjunction with the nexus index, to analyze the impact of agricultural trade on water and land efficiency. An average of 3...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
January 2025
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| In: |
Resources, conservation and recycling
Year: 2025, Volume: 212, Pages: 1-16 |
| ISSN: | 1879-0658 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108006 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108006 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344924005974 
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| Author Notes: | Yuexin Liu, Yang Gao, Jianxun Gai, Haowei Liu, Zhonghao Zhang, Vasco Diogo, Anna M. Hersperger |
| Summary: | Water, land, and food constitute essential components of agricultural supply chains, yet their interconnections remain unclear. Here we used the multi-regional input-output, in conjunction with the nexus index, to analyze the impact of agricultural trade on water and land efficiency. An average of 38.07 % of land use and 28.27 % of water consumption embedded in agricultural commodities was used for interregional trade from 1995 to 2015. Overall, the trading flows transferring from resource-rich and underdeveloped economies to resource-poor and developed economies enhanced the resource efficiency on a global scale, with average land and water efficiency rising by 68.23 % and 56.11 %, respectively. But the growth intensity of commodities’ exports has limited the improvement of resource efficiency in exporting countries, particularly in net middle-income exporters such as Brazil, India, and Indonesia. The pressure of land and water transfers varies across commodities. Crop-based products account for 72.39 % of water resource flow, while meat-based products account for 67.61 % of land resource flow. Among these, vegetable, fruit, and nut, which have the highest water-land-food nexus, is playing an increasingly significant role in the global pattern of resource transfer. The study proposed targeted measures for sustainable agricultural management through efficiency calculation in Water-Land-Food nexus. |
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| Item Description: | Online verfügbar: 09. November 2024 Gesehen am 21.05.2025 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1879-0658 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108006 |