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Elevated soluble ACE2 activity in children and adults after SARS-CoV-2 exposure irrespective of laboratory-confirmed infection: research article

The pivotal role of the cell entry receptor ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 infection is well-established. When ACE2 is shed from cell surface into plasma as soluble ACE2 (sACE2), it can effectively neutralize SARS-CoV-2. This longitudinal prospective cohort study analyzed sACE2 activity in 1192 participants, a...

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Main Authors: Stich, Maximilian (Author) , Magalhães, Vladimir Gonçalves (Author) , Bürger, Friederike (Author) , Garbade, Sven (Author) , Jeltsch, Kathrin (Author) , Mohr, Kerstin (Author) , Haddad, Anneke (Author) , Elling, Roland (Author) , Lang, Peter (Author) , Rabsteyn, Armin (Author) , Jacobsen, Eva-Maria (Author) , Bode, Sebastian F. N. (Author) , Müller, Barbara (Author) , Kräusslich, Hans-Georg (Author) , Hoffmann, Georg F. (Author) , Okun, Jürgen G. (Author) , Bartenschlager, Ralf (Author) , Binder, Marco (Author) , Janda, Aleš (Author) , Renk, Hanna (Author) , Tönshoff, Burkhard (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: December 2024
In: Journal of medical virology
Year: 2024, Volume: 96, Issue: 12, Pages: 1-12
ISSN:1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.70098
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70098
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.70098
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Author Notes:Maximilian Stich, Vladimir Gonçalves Magalhães, Friederike Bürger, Sven F. Garbade, Kathrin Jeltsch, Kerstin Mohr, Anneke Haddad, Roland Elling, Peter Lang, Armin Rabsteyn, Eva-Maria Jacobsen, Sebastian F.N. Bode, Barbara Müller, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Georg Friedrich Hoffmann, Jürgen G. Okun, Ralf Bartenschlager, Marco Binder, Aleš Janda, Hanna Renk, Burkhard Tönshoff
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Summary:The pivotal role of the cell entry receptor ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 infection is well-established. When ACE2 is shed from cell surface into plasma as soluble ACE2 (sACE2), it can effectively neutralize SARS-CoV-2. This longitudinal prospective cohort study analyzed sACE2 activity in 1192 participants, aged 4 months to 81 years, 3 and 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 household exposure. Following SARS-CoV-2 exposure, participants exhibited significantly elevated sACE2 activity, irrespective of confirmed infection, with the highest levels observed in exposed children. Longitudinal analysis revealed a decline in sACE2 levels over time, reaching levels comparable to age- and sex-matched pre-pandemic controls. An increase in sACE2 activity was also confirmed in vitro in Calu-3 (human lung) cells within hours of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, providing a direct link between SARS-CoV-2 exposure and elevated sACE2. This study, therefore, challenges the dichotomy of categorizing SARS-CoV-2 exposed participants as infected or not infected solely on currently established diagnostic assays. It demonstrates lasting host responses independent of B- and T-cell memory and may help to keep SARS-CoV-2 infections in balance and contribute to successful virus clearance in children and adults lacking humoral and cellular immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Trial Registration: German Registry for Clinical Studies; Identifier: D 00021521.
Item Description:Online verfügbar: 03. Dezember 2024
Gesehen am 18.07.2025
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.70098

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