Site-specific hydrogen isotope measurements of vanillin by 2H-qNMR and GC-IRMS
Stable isotope analyses are powerful techniques to detect counterfeiting of food products, especially in vanillin, one of the world’s most popular flavors used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Although a stable carbon isotopic ratio provides an invaluable new source of isotopic information, th...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
6 June 2025
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| In: |
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
Year: 2025, Volume: 417, Issue: 17, Pages: 3987-3996 |
| ISSN: | 1618-2650 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00216-025-05920-1 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05920-1
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| Author Notes: | Phuong Mai Le, Markus Greule, Stanislav Sokolenko, Serge Akoka, Gérald Remaud, Peter Costa, Kathy Sharon Isaac, Andre Simpson, Frank Keppler, Juris Meija |
| Summary: | Stable isotope analyses are powerful techniques to detect counterfeiting of food products, especially in vanillin, one of the world’s most popular flavors used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Although a stable carbon isotopic ratio provides an invaluable new source of isotopic information, the analysis of the hydrogen site-specific (2H/1H) isotopic distribution in vanillin gives valuable complementary isotopic information allowing a complete isotopic fingerprint of the vanillin molecule for authentication. However, there are only a limited number of studies that compare the validity of the results obtained by IRMS and NMR. Here, we present site-specific isotope analysis (also known as position-specific isotope analysis, PSIA) of hydrogen isotopic measurements of vanillin by two independent measurement methods, 2H-qNMR and GC-IRMS, and compare the results obtained by these two methods. 2H-qNMR allows isotopic measurements of all hydrogen atoms (except for OH) of the vanillin molecule while GC-IRMS measures only the hydrogen atoms of the methoxy group (H5). 2H/1H values of the vanillin H5 from six vanillin demonstrate remarkable agreement between the two techniques with uncertainty well below 1%. Position-specific GC-IRMS on the methoxy group measurements provides three-fold smaller measurement uncertainties while requiring a considerably smaller sample size compared to 2H-qNMR. This quantitative hydrogen isotopic study extends our previous successful work comparing and validating the stable carbon isotopic of the vanillin methoxy group using 13C-qNMR and GC-IRMS. Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) using GC-IRMS was also described in this work. Both qNMR and partial PSIA GC-IRMS can be considered as complementary analytical methods, and their combined use provides reliable results. |
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| Item Description: | Im Text ist "2" hochgestellt Gesehen am 24.10.2025 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1618-2650 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00216-025-05920-1 |