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Imaging in staging, treatment planning, and monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma for local and locoregional therapies: consensus recommendations from EORTC and ESGAR

Background: Periinterventional imaging of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during local and locoregional therapies plays a crucial role in clinical outcome by guiding treatment allocation, planning, and application. However, there is a considerable variety in clinical routine in terms of...

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Main Authors: Öcal, Osman (Author) , Zech, Christoph Johannes (Author) , Bali, Maria Antonietta (Author) , Pasquier, David (Author) , Mottaghy, Felix (Author) , Einspieler, Ingo (Author) , Kartalis, Nikolaos (Author) , Bargellini, Irene (Author) , Iezzi, Roberto (Author) , Denecke, Timm (Author) , Kunz, Wolfgang Gerhard (Author) , Gebauer, Bernhard (Author) , Wege, Henning (Author) , Cannella, Roberto (Author) , Oprea-Lager, Daniela Elena (Author) , Vogel, Arndt (Author) , Sangro, Bruno (Author) , Seidensticker, Max (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 23 May 2025
In: European radiology

ISSN:1432-1084
DOI:10.1007/s00330-025-11699-7
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-025-11699-7
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00330-025-11699-7
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Author Notes:Osman Öcal, Christoph Johannes Zech, Maria Antonietta Bali, David Pasquier, Felix Mottaghy, Ingo Einspieler, Nikolaos Kartalis, Irene Bargellini, Roberto Iezzi, Timm Denecke, Wolfgang Gerhard Kunz, Bernhard Gebauer, Henning Wege, Roberto Cannella, Daniela Elena Oprea-Lager, Arndt Vogel, Bruno Sangro, Max Seidensticker and on behalf of the study group
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Summary:Background: Periinterventional imaging of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during local and locoregional therapies plays a crucial role in clinical outcome by guiding treatment allocation, planning, and application. However, there is a considerable variety in clinical routine in terms of timing, modality, and imaging protocols. This study aimed to guide the standardization of the imaging procedures for patients with HCC by conducting a Delphi consensus-finding survey. Methods: A multidisciplinary, multinational survey was conducted to standardize the imaging of patients with HCC using the Delphi method. Results: Under the guidance of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Imaging and Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Groups and the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR), the recommendations for imaging before, during, and after thermal ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, radioembolization, and stereotactic body radiation therapy were established. Conclusion: This consensus protocol provides a foundational guide for imaging in the daily clinical management of HCC patients, as well as for prospective studies assessing local and locoregional therapies.
Item Description:Gesehen am 19.11.2025
The study group: Francesca De Felice, Serena Pisoni, Hossein Hemmatazad, Kerstin Schütte, Joost Verhoeff, Bora Peynircioglu, Cesare Guida, Maxime Dewulf, Christophe Deroose, Valeria Dionisi, John Ramage, Mario Venerito, Mark Burgmans, Carolina de la Pinta, Huw Roach, Serdar Aslan, Stefano Cappio, Christian Stroszczynski, Uli Fehrenbach, Lorenza Rimassa and Lukas Luerken
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1432-1084
DOI:10.1007/s00330-025-11699-7

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