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Revisiting the relationship between stomatal size and speed across species: a meta-analysis

The rate of stomatal opening and closure in response to changes in light affects leaf photosynthesis and water use. However, it is unclear how strongly stomatal size (SS) and density (SD) influence stomatal conductance (gs) kinetics, and whether variation arises from methodological differences, guar...

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Main Authors: Woning, Nik (Author) , Al-Salman, Yazen (Author) , Kaiser, Elias (Author) , Berman, Sarah R. (Author) , Brendel, Oliver (Author) , Cano, Francisco Javier (Author) , Carpentier, Sebastien (Author) , Centritto, Mauro (Author) , Drake, Paul L. (Author) , Durand, Maxime (Author) , Eyland, David (Author) , Franks, Peter J. (Author) , Gerardin, Theo (Author) , Ghannoum, Oula (Author) , Haworth, Matthew (Author) , Kübarsepp, Liisa (Author) , Lawson, Tracy (Author) , Le Thiec, Didier (Author) , Li, Yong (Author) , Marcelis, Leo F. M. (Author) , Marino, Giovanni (Author) , McAusland, Lorna (Author) , Muir, Christopher D. (Author) , Niinemets, Ülo (Author) , Nunes, Tiago D. G. (Author) , Raissig, Michael Thomas (Author) , Sakoda, Kazuma (Author) , Sugiura, Daisuke (Author) , Tosens, Tiina (Author) , Zhang, Qiangqiang (Author) , Zhang, Ningyi (Author) , Vialet-Chabrand, Silvere (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 28 December 2025
In: The new phytologist
Year: 2026, Volume: 249, Issue: 5, Pages: 2338-2354
ISSN:1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.70842
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70842
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.70842
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Author Notes:Nik Woning, Yazen Al-Salman, Elias Kaiser, Sarah R. Berman, Oliver Brendel, Francisco Javier Cano, Sebastien Carpentier, Mauro Centritto, Paul L. Drake, Maxime Durand, David Eyland, Peter J. Franks, Theo Gerardin, Oula Ghannoum, Matthew Haworth, Liisa Kübarsepp, Tracy Lawson, Didier Le Thiec, Yong Li, Leo F.M. Marcelis, Giovanni Marino, Lorna McAusland, Christopher D. Muir, Ülo Niinemets, Tiago D.G. Nunes, Michael T. Raissig, Kazuma Sakoda, Daisuke Sugiura, Tiina Tosens, Qiangqiang Zhang, Ningyi Zhang and Silvere Vialet-Chabrand
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Summary:The rate of stomatal opening and closure in response to changes in light affects leaf photosynthesis and water use. However, it is unclear how strongly stomatal size (SS) and density (SD) influence stomatal conductance (gs) kinetics, and whether variation arises from methodological differences, guard cell type or degree of amphistomaty. We divided published records combining stomatal kinetics and anatomical traits from 89 species into kidney and dumbbell-shaped guard cells, and evaluated four dynamic gs models on them. We derived the time constant for an exponential response of gs (τ) and the maximum rate of change (Slmax) as well as the ratio of adaxial/abaxial SD (rSD). We found significant differences in parameter estimation between models. Stomatal anatomical traits and kinetic parameters showed large variation across species. While individual anatomical features (SS, SD, rSD and guard cell types) were weakly correlated with stomatal response speed (τ and Slmax), interactions between these features showed significant effects, demonstrating that kinetic performance arises from synergistic rather than additive anatomical relationships. Our results call for the use of our unified modeling approach, challenge the generality of the observation that smaller stomata move faster across species and suggest rSD as an understudied driver of stomatal kinetics.
Item Description:Gesehen am 07.04.2026
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.70842

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