A virgo environmental survey tracing ionised gas emission (VESTIGE) XVIII. Reconstructing the star formation history of early-type galaxies through the combination of their UV and Hα emission
We reconstructed the star formation histories of seven massive (M-star greater than or similar to 10(10) M-circle dot) early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Virgo cluster by analysing their spatially resolved stellar population (SP) properties including their ultraviolet (UV) and H alpha emission. As pa...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
April 4, 2025
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| In: |
Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2025, Volume: 696, Pages: 1-26 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0746 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202453001 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453001 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2025/04/aa53001-24.pdf 
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| Author Notes: | S. Martocchia, A. Boselli, C. Maraston, D. Thomas, M. Boquien, Y. Roehlly, M. Fossati, L.-M. Seille, P. Amram, S. Boissier, V. Buat, P. Cote, J.-C. Cuillandre, L. Ferrarese, S. Gwyn, J. Hutchings, C. R. Junais, C. R. Morgan, J. Postma, T. E. Woods, J. Roediger, A. Subramaniam, M. Sun, and H.-X. Zhang |
| Summary: | We reconstructed the star formation histories of seven massive (M-star greater than or similar to 10(10) M-circle dot) early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Virgo cluster by analysing their spatially resolved stellar population (SP) properties including their ultraviolet (UV) and H alpha emission. As part of the Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE), we used H alpha images to select ETGs that show no signs of ongoing star formation. We combined VESTIGE with images from Astrosat/UVIT, GALEX, and CFHT/MegaCam from the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS) to analyse radial spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from the far-UV (FUV) to the near-infrared. The UV emission in these galaxies is likely due to old, low-mass stars in post main sequence (MS) phases, the so-called UV upturn. We fitted the radial SEDs with novel SP models that include an old, hot stellar component of post-MS stars with various temperatures and energetics (fuels). This way, we explored the main stellar parameters responsible for UV upturn stars regardless of their evolutionary path. We make these models publicly available through the SED fitting code CIGALE. Standard models are not able to reproduce the galaxies' central FUV emission (SMA/R-eff less than or similar to 1), while the new models well characterise it through post-MS stars with temperatures T greater than or similar to 25 000 K. All galaxies are old (mass-weighted ages greater than or similar to 10 Gyr) and the most massive ones, M49 and M87, are supersolar (Z similar or equal to 2 Z(circle dot)) within their inner regions (SMA/R-eff less than or similar to 0.2). Overall, we find flat age gradients (del Log(Age) similar to -0.04 - 0 dex) and shallow metallicity gradients (del Log(Z) < -0.2 dex), except for M87 (del Log(Z(M87)) similar or equal to -0.45 dex). Our results show that these ETGs formed with timescales tau less than or similar to 1500 Myr, having assembled between similar to 40 - 90% of their stellar mass at z similar to 5. This is consistent with recent JWST observations of quiescent massive galaxies at high-z, which are likely the ancestors of the largest ETGs in the nearby Universe. The derived flat and shallow stellar gradients indicate that major mergers might have contributed to the formation and evolution of these galaxies. |
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| Item Description: | Gesehen am 26.05.2026 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1432-0746 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202453001 |